To grow or not to grow, a power-saving program induced in dormant buds

Abstract

Plant shoot branching patterns determine leaf, flower and fruit production, and thus reproductive success and yield. Branch primordia, or axillary buds, arise in the axils of leaves and their decision to either grow or enter dormancy is coordinated at the whole plant level. Comparisons of transcriptional profiles of axillary buds entering dormancy have identified a shared set of responses that closely resemble a Low Energy Syndrome. This syndrome is aimed at saving carbon use to support essential maintenance functions, rather than additional growth, and involves growth arrest (thus dormancy), metabolic reprogramming and hormone signalling. This response is widely conserved in distantly related woody and herbaceous species, and not only underlies but also precedes the growth-to-dormancy transition induced in buds by different stimuli.