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Review
. 2018 Jan;176(1):28-40.
doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01466. Epub 2017 Nov 14.

Interplay between Ions, the Cytoskeleton, and Cell Wall Properties during Tip Growth

Carlisle S Bascom Jr  1   2 , Peter K Hepler  3 , Magdalena Bezanilla  4
Affiliations
Review

Interplay between Ions, the Cytoskeleton, and Cell Wall Properties during Tip Growth

Carlisle S Bascom Jr et al. Plant Physiol. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Tip growth is a focused and tightly regulated apical explosion that depends on the interconnected activities of ions, the cytoskeleton, and the cell wall.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Apical cytoskeletal structures and ion gradients. A, Pollen tube, modeled after lily. Cortical F-actin (orange) forms a fringe overlapping with the OH− gradient and the outer reaches of the calcium gradient. Microtubules (blue) form an inverted cone that just intersects the actin fringe. B, Root hair, modeled after Arabidopsis. Short F-actin filaments fill the apex, overlapping with the highest levels of calcium and OH−. As both gradients taper off, actin bundles and microtubules are found toward the rear of the cell. C, Moss chloronemal tip, modeled after P. patens. Apical actin is enriched along the entire dome, and fine cortical actin is present along the length of the cell. Contiguous cytoplasmic microtubules originating from the nucleus (N) point toward the cell tip. D, Moss caulonemal tip, modeled after P. patens. The apical actin is a highly focused spot and also the target of polymerizing cytoplasmic microtubules.
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References

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