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. 2017 Oct;9(5):321-327.
doi: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.5.321. Epub 2017 Oct 16.

Analysis of dimensions and shapes of maxillary and mandibular dental arch in Korean young adults

Su-Jung Park  1 , Richard Leesungbok  1 , Jae-Won Song  2 , Se Hun Chang  2 , Suk-Won Lee  1 , Su-Jin Ahn  1
Affiliations

Analysis of dimensions and shapes of maxillary and mandibular dental arch in Korean young adults

Su-Jung Park et al. J Adv Prosthodont. 2017 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate dental arch dimensions and to classify arch shape in Korean young adults.

Materials and methods: The sample included 50 Koreans with age ranging from 24 to 32 years. Maxillary and mandibular casts were fabricated using irreversible hydrocolloid and type III dental stones. Incisor-canine distance, incisor-1st molar distance, incisor-2nd molar distance, intercanine distance, inter-1st molar distance, and inter-2nd molar distance in both the maxillary and mandibular arch were measured using a three-dimensional measuring device. The dental arch was classified into three groups using five ratios from the measured values by the K-means clustering method. The data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance.

Results: Arch lengths (IM2D, incisal-2nd molar distance) were 44.13 mm in the maxilla and 40.40 mm in the mandible. Arch widths (M2W, inter 2nd molar width) were 64.12 mm in the maxilla and 56.37 mm in the mandible. Distribution of the dental arch form was mostly ovoid shape (maxilla 52% and mandible 56%), followed by the V-shape and the U-shape. The arch width for the U-shape was broader than for the other forms.

Conclusion: This study establishes new reference data for dental arch dimensions for young Korean adults. The most common arch form is the ovoid type in the maxilla and mandible of Koreans. Clinicians should be aware of these references and classify arch type before and during their dental treatment for effective and harmonized results in Koreans.

Keywords: Dental arch dimension; Dental arch form; Dental arch shape; Korean adult.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. (A) The three dimensional measurement device used in this study. (B) The T-shape standardized plane template used for the establishment of a standardized plane.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Linear measurements on the dental arch for the (A) maxilla and (B) mandible. Abbreviations are: ICD, incisor-canine distance; IM1D, incisor-molar 1st distance; IM2D, incisor-molar 2nd distance; CW, canine width; M1W, molar 1st distance; and M2W, molar 2nd distance.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Dental cast showing measurement dimensions on maxilla in an overhead view (A) and a side view (B). ① BM1,2, ② M2D, ③ P2, ④ BP2, ⑤ PVP1, ⑥ PVM2, ⑦ I-La.F, ⑧ C-V, ⑨ P-BV, ⑩ M-BV, ⑪ I-BF, ⑫ I-M2.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Dental cast showing measurement dimensions on mandible in an overhead view (A) and a side view (B). ① LM2, ② M2D, ③ P2, ④ LP2, ⑤ I-Li.F, ⑥ P-V, ⑦ M2-V, ⑧ I-La.F, ⑨ C-V, ⑩ P-BV, ⑪ M1,2-V, ⑫ I-BF, ⑬ I-M2.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Relative deviation of each ratio of the three arch forms for the overall mean values in the maxilla (A; n = 50) and mandible (B; n = 50).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. Three types of dental arch curves in the maxilla (A) and the mandible (B) determined using least square means (R-square, 0.90).
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