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Review
. 2017:2017:1848375.
doi: 10.1155/2017/1848375. Epub 2017 Sep 24.

Review of and Updates on Hypertension in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Masood Ahmad  1 , Devan Makati  1 , Sana Akbar  2
Affiliations
Review

Review of and Updates on Hypertension in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Masood Ahmad et al. Int J Hypertens. 2017.

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder as is hypertension (HTN) in the 21st century with the rising incidence of obesity. Numerous studies have shown a strong association of OSA with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is overwhelming evidence supporting the relationship between OSA and hypertension (HTN). The pathophysiology of HTN in OSA is complex and dependent on various factors such as sympathetic tone, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelial dysfunction, and altered baroreceptor reflexes. The treatment of OSA is multifactorial ranging from CPAP to oral appliances to lifestyle modifications to antihypertensive drugs. OSA and HTN both need prompt diagnosis and treatment to help address the growing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to these two entities.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanism of hypertension and end organ damage in obstructive sleep apnea. PANS, parasympathetic autonomic nervous system; RAA, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone; EDS, excessive daytime sleepiness; LV, left ventricular; LA, left atrial.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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