Expanding Pertussis Epidemiology in 6 Latin America Countries through the Latin American Pertussis Project

Abstract

The Latin American Pertussis Project (LAPP), established in 2009, is a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pan American Health Organization, Sabin Vaccine Institute, and the ministries of health of 6 countries in Latin America. The project goal is to expand understanding of pertussis epidemiology in Latin America to inform strategies for control and prevention. Here we describe LAPP structure and activities. After an initial surveillance evaluation, LAPP activities are tailored to individual country needs. LAPP activities align with Global Health Security Agenda priorities and have focused on expanding laboratory diagnostic capacity, implementing a laboratory quality control and quality assurance program, and providing epidemiologic support to strengthen reporting of pertussis surveillance data. Lessons learned include that ongoing mentoring is key to the successful adoption of new technologies and that sustainability of laboratory diagnostics requires a regional commitment to procure reagents and related supplies.

Keywords: Bordetella pertussis; CDC; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Global Health Security Agenda; Latin America; PAHO; PCR; Pan American Health Organization; Sabin Vaccine Institute; bacteria; diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines; epidemiological monitoring; global health security; immunologic; monitoring; pertussis; pertussis vaccines; respiratory infections; sentinel surveillance; serology; surveillance; toxoid; whooping cough.

Figure 1

Optimal timing for diagnostic testing for pertussis, in weeks. Dark colors indicate optimal timing window; lighter colors indicate that tests may provide accurate results during these periods.

Figure 2

Latin American Pertussis Project model to strengthen pertussis surveillance, currently in use in 6 countries in Latin America. QC/QA, quality control and quality assurance.