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. 2018 Jan;47(2):229-237.
doi: 10.1111/apt.14421. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Exposure-response relationship of certolizumab pegol induction and maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease

N Vande Casteele  1   2 , B G Feagan  2 , S Vermeire  3 , M Yassine  4 , J Coarse  5 , G Kosutic  5 , W J Sandborn  1   2
Affiliations

Exposure-response relationship of certolizumab pegol induction and maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease

N Vande Casteele et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring may optimize therapy for Crohn's disease (CD).

Aim: To use a population pharmacokinetic model that accounts for the time-varying nature of covariates to simulate certolizumab pegol (CZP) concentrations to evaluate the exposure-response relationship for CZP in Crohn's disease.

Methods: Adults (N = 2157) with Crohn's disease were treated with CZP in nine clinical trials. Simulated CZP concentrations were compared to outcomes at weeks 6 and 26, including Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) response (decrease from baseline ≥ 100 points), remission (CDAI ≤ 150), C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L, faecal calprotectin (FC) ≤ 250 μg/g, and a composite endpoint of CDAI ≤ 150 and FC ≤ 250 μg/g. Multivariable analyses identified covariates associated with outcomes and receiver operating characteristic analyses determined optimal CZP concentrations.

Results: CZP concentrations at weeks 2, 4 and 6 were higher in patients with clinical response, remission, CRP ≤ 5 mg/L or FC ≤ 250 μg/g at week 6 than without. In multivariable analyses, higher CZP concentrations at week 6 were associated with the composite outcome at weeks 6 and 26 (P < .001). Although the exposure-response relationship varied among patients, approximate CZP concentrations of at least 36.1 μg/mL (positive predictive value [PPV] 22.8% and negative predictive value [NPV] 92.7%) and at least 14.8 μg/mL (PPV 28.0% and NPV 90.4%) at weeks 6 and 12 were associated with weeks 6 and 26 outcomes.

Conclusions: An exposure-response relationship was apparent for CZP in Crohn's disease and achieving higher CZP concentrations may increase the likelihood of attaining efficacy outcomes, but this remains to be evaluated prospectively.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Quartile analyses of endpoints at week 6. *One‐sided Cochran‐Armitage Trend test. CDAI, Crohn's disease activity index
Figure 2
Figure 2
Concentration‐time curves (weeks 0‐6) for patients who achieved, or did not achieve (A) C‐reactive protein ≤ 5 mg/L or (B) faecal calprotectin ≤ 250 μg/g at week 6 of treatment with certolizumab pegol. CRP, C‐reactive protein; FC, faecal calprotectin
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