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. 2018 Nov 12;36(47):7192-7197.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.061. Epub 2017 Nov 20.

Impact of rotavirus vaccine on acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years in Senegal: Experience of sentinel site of the Albert Royer Children's Hospital in Dakar

Amadou Diop  1 , Aliou Thiongane  2 , Jason M Mwenda  3 , Negar Aliabadi  4 , Mouhamadou A Sonko  5 , Aliou Diallo  6 , Babacar Ndoye  7 , Papa M Faye  2 , Idrissa D Ba  2 , Umesh D Parashar  4 , Jacqueline E Tate  4 , Ousmane Ndiaye  2 , Moussa F Cissé  5 , Mamadou Ba  2
Affiliations

Impact of rotavirus vaccine on acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years in Senegal: Experience of sentinel site of the Albert Royer Children's Hospital in Dakar

Amadou Diop et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries, with rotavirus being the most common infectious etiology. In November 2014, monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Senegal. We determined the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations for all-cause and rotavirus related AGE in children <60 months of age.

Methods: We examined two data sources from the national referral hospital. Using sentinel surveillance data from March 2011 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of AGE hospitalizations among children <60 months of age attributable to rotavirus, stratified by age groups (0-11, 12-23 and 24-59 months). Using pediatric logbook data from March 2010 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of all childhood hospitalizations attributable to AGE, among the same age groups.

Results: In sentinel surveillance, 673 patients <60 months were hospitalized for AGE, with 30% (203/673) due to rotavirus. In pre-vaccine years, the median proportion of rotavirus-positive hospitalizations was 42%; this proportion declined by 76% to 10% rotavirus positive in 2015-2016 (p < .001) and by 59% to 17% in 2016-2017 (p < .001). From the logbook data, among all children <60 months, a median of 11% of all hospitalizations in the pre-vaccine period were due to AGE, with 2015-2016 seeing a 16% decline (p < .001), to 9% of all hospitalizations, and 2016-2017 seeing a 39% decline (p < .001), to 7% of all hospitalizations. Declines in both rotavirus-associated and all-cause AGE hospitalizations were most marked among infants, with a suggestion of herd effect among older children seen in the surveillance data.

Conclusion: Rotavirus vaccine demonstrated a significant impact on rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and all-cause AGE hospitalizations in the first two seasons after vaccine introduction in Senegal. Our data support the continued use of this vaccine in national immunization program.

Keywords: Acute gastroenteritis; Monovalent rotavirus vaccine; Rotavirus; Senegal.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest

All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Trends in rotavirus testing and positivity, children <60 months, Centre Hospitalier National d’Enfants Albert Royer –2011–2017. *Surveillance year defined as March of one year to February of the following year; RV1 introduced November 2014; surveillance interrupted in May of 2011–2012 surveillance year and October of 2015–2016 surveillance year.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
(a–d) Annual hospitalizations for all-cause and rotavirus-associated AGE in children <60 months by age group, Centre Hospitalier National d’Enfants Albert Royer –2011–2017. *Surveillance year defined as March of one year to February of the following year; RV1 introduced November 2014; surveillance interrupted in May 2011 and October 2015. March 2014–February 2015 considered transitional year and excluded from pre/post vaccine introduction analyzes.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
(a–d) All cause hospitalizations and AGE hospitalizations among children by age group, Centre Hospitalier National d’Enfants Albert Royer, 2011–2017.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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