Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a physiologic state in which cardiac pump function is inadequate to perfuse the tissues. If CS is not rapidly recognized and treated, tissue hypoperfusion can quickly lead to organ dysfunction and patient death. Evaluation of patients with suspected CS should include an electrocardiogram, chest radiograph, laboratory studies, and bedside echocardiogram. Initial resuscitation is directed toward restoring cardiac output and tissue perfusion. Mechanical circulatory support is indicated for patients with CS who do not respond to pharmacologic therapy. Ultimately, these patients should undergo emergent reperfusion therapy with either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting.

Keywords: Cardiogenic shock; Dobutamine; Echocardiography; Hypoperfusion; Inotropic medications; Intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Vasopressor medications.