Evolving Strategies in Cardiac Arrest Management

Abstract

Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in the United States, with a hospital discharge rate of approximately 10%. International resuscitation guidelines offer standardized cardiac arrest management approaches, but beyond the guidelines, are promising innovations to improve resuscitative care. Although clinical data do not yet support the routine use of mechanical chest compressions, corticosteroids, thrombolytics, and adjunctive ventilation devices during arrest, these therapies may have an important role in select patients. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a promising advancement and may have survival benefit in select patients. The evidence for standard therapies and these innovations is discussed.

Keywords: CPR; Cardiac arrest; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO; Sudden death.