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Review
. 2017:2017:1926269.
doi: 10.1155/2017/1926269. Epub 2017 Oct 18.

Burning Mouth Syndrome: Aetiopathogenesis and Principles of Management

L Feller  1 , J Fourie  1 , M Bouckaert  2 , R A G Khammissa  1 , R Ballyram  1 , J Lemmer  1
Affiliations
Review

Burning Mouth Syndrome: Aetiopathogenesis and Principles of Management

L Feller et al. Pain Res Manag. 2017.

Abstract

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic debilitating oral condition characterised by a burning sensation of the oral mucosa in an otherwise apparently normal person. Its aetiology and pathogenesis are obscure, but both psychogenic factors and peripheral and central neuropathies appear to be implicated. There is no cure for BMS, and treatment with either local or systemic medications focuses on the relief of symptoms and on improving quality of life. In recalcitrant cases, psychological/psychiatric intervention may be helpful. In order to improve treatment outcomes, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this syndrome might provide a basis for the development of more effective management strategies. In this short review, we discuss current knowledge of the diagnosis, aetiopathogenesis, and management of BMS.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The interrelation between chronic pain, anxiety, depression, and other emotions. The greater the intensity of the pain the greater the suffering, and anxiety, depression, and the stressful emotions may aggravate the experience of pain.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The interrelationship between emotion, behaviour, and cognition.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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