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. 2017 Nov 28;17(1):914.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4919-y.

Theories, models and frameworks used in capacity building interventions relevant to public health: a systematic review

Kim Bergeron  1 , Samiya Abdi  2 , Kara DeCorby  2 , Gloria Mensah  2 , Benjamin Rempel  2 , Heather Manson  2   3   4
Affiliations

Theories, models and frameworks used in capacity building interventions relevant to public health: a systematic review

Kim Bergeron et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: There is limited research on capacity building interventions that include theoretical foundations. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify underlying theories, models and frameworks used to support capacity building interventions relevant to public health practice. The aim is to inform and improve capacity building practices and services offered by public health organizations.

Methods: Four search strategies were used: 1) electronic database searching; 2) reference lists of included papers; 3) key informant consultation; and 4) grey literature searching. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are outlined with included papers focusing on capacity building, learning plans, professional development plans in combination with tools, resources, processes, procedures, steps, model, framework, guideline, described in a public health or healthcare setting, or non-government, government, or community organizations as they relate to healthcare, and explicitly or implicitly mention a theory, model and/or framework that grounds the type of capacity building approach developed. Quality assessment were performed on all included articles. Data analysis included a process for synthesizing, analyzing and presenting descriptive summaries, categorizing theoretical foundations according to which theory, model and/or framework was used and whether or not the theory, model or framework was implied or explicitly identified.

Results: Nineteen articles were included in this review. A total of 28 theories, models and frameworks were identified. Of this number, two theories (Diffusion of Innovations and Transformational Learning), two models (Ecological and Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation) and one framework (Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning) were identified as the most frequently cited.

Conclusions: This review identifies specific theories, models and frameworks to support capacity building interventions relevant to public health organizations. It provides public health practitioners with a menu of potentially usable theories, models and frameworks to support capacity building efforts. The findings also support the need for the use of theories, models or frameworks to be intentional, explicitly identified, referenced and for it to be clearly outlined how they were applied to the capacity building intervention.

Keywords: Capacity building; Frameworks; Health promotion; Models; Public health; Theories.

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Conflict of interest statement

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Not applicable

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests. In terms of non-financial interests, the authors are all employed by Public Health Ontario, working within a department that provides capacity building services to public health in the Province of Ontario.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow diagram
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