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. 2017 Nov 28;10(1):626.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2967-0.

Serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Vibrio and Shigella isolates from diarrheal patients visiting a Tropical and Infectious Diseases Hospital in central Nepal

Sujan Maharjan  1 , Binod Rayamajhee  2   3 , Anima Shreshtha  4 , Jyoti Acharya  5
Affiliations

Serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Vibrio and Shigella isolates from diarrheal patients visiting a Tropical and Infectious Diseases Hospital in central Nepal

Sujan Maharjan et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal diseases are the major infectious disease in developing countries like Nepal. Lack of proper sanitation and antimicrobial resistance gained by microbes have challenged to address diarrheal diseases in resource-limited countries. Early diagnosis of disease and proper antibiotic treatment can significantly reduce the disease burden. This study was designed to determine the recent antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Vibrio cholerae and Shigella spp. to assure the proper antibiotic treatment. Stool specimens were processed following microbiological protocol and identified by biochemical and serological tests recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute.

Results: Out of total 640 analyzed stool samples, 50 were culture positive, among them 29 were Shigella spp. (64.4%) and 21 were V. cholerae (46.6%). All V. cholerae strains belonged to the serogroup O1 and serovar Ogawa. Among the Shigella spp., Shigella flexneri 17 (59%) topped the list of serotype followed by Shigella sonnei 8 (28%), Shigella dysenteriae 3 (10%) and Shigella boydii 1 (3%) respectively. All the V. cholerae isolates (100%) were sensitive to cefotaxime while 71% were sensitive to tetracycline but 100 and 90.4% were resistance to co-trimoxazole and nalidixic acid respectively. Shigella isolates were mostly susceptible to cefotaxime (97%) while ciprofloxacin (48%) and ofloxacin (55%) were less effective drugs.

Conclusions: These results on the prevalence of enteropathogens and their antibiotic resistance pattern may help to guide accurate choice of therapy in clinical setting. Hence, development of evidence based National Guidelines for the treatment of diarrhea is needed.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; Diarrheal disease; Serotype.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of the positive cases in total samples. From total of 650 stool samples analyzed, 50 samples were found to be positive for enteric bacterial pathogens of which 29 (5%) were Shigella spp. and 21 (3%) were Vibrio cholerae where total positive case was 7.7%
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Age wise distribution of gastroenteritis. The patients of age group 15–30 years were mostly affected by both cholera (52%) and shigellosis (38%)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Month wise distribution of gastroenteritis from June 2014 to Dec 2014. The distribution of bacterial pathogens of gastroenteritis showed increment in rainy season and sharp decrement in winter. The peak value of cholera positive cases were seen in the month of August with a steady curve graph. The highest number of shigellosis was seen in November with a zig zag pattern of graph plot
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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