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. 2017 Summer;16(3):1104-1112.

The Evaluation and Comparing of Cytotoxic Effects of Ferula gummosa Gum, Scutellaria lindbergii, Kelussia odoratissima and Artemisia kopetdaghensis Extracts on ACHN Cell Line

Azar Hosseini  1 , Elham Bakhtiari  2   3 , Abolfazl Khajavi Rad  4 , Samira Shahraki  4 , Seyed Hadi Mousavi  5 , Shahrzad Havakhah  4 , Mohammad Sadegh Amiri  6
Affiliations

The Evaluation and Comparing of Cytotoxic Effects of Ferula gummosa Gum, Scutellaria lindbergii, Kelussia odoratissima and Artemisia kopetdaghensis Extracts on ACHN Cell Line

Azar Hosseini et al. Iran J Pharm Res. 2017 Summer.

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of most fatal cancers. In most patients it is resistant to chemotherapy. Ferula gummosa gum, Scutellaria lindbergii, Kelussia odoratissima, and Artemisia kopetdaghensis are herbs about which there are some cytotoxic activity reports. In this study, cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of these four extracts on RCC cell line (ACHN) were evaluated and compared (ACHN) cells were treated with different concentrations of herbal extracts (15-500 μg/mL). Cell proliferation was determined after 24, 48, and 72 h. by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells were determined using PI staining of DNA fragmentation by flow cytometry. Cell viability decreased with all herbal extracts in ACHN cells by 24, 48, and 72 h. as compared with control. Extracts induced a sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells indicating apoptotic cell death is involved in extracts induced-toxicity. Results imply that four herbal extracts inhibit the growth of ACHN cells as a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Also, results show that apoptosis is proposed as the possible mechanism of action. So, four herbal extracts could be considered as good anticancer agents in RCC after further studies.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Artemisia kopetdaghensis; Cytotoxicity; Ferula gummosa gum; Kelussia odoratissima; Scutellaria lindbergii.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of F.gummosa gum on cell viability of ACHN. Cells were treated with different concentrations of extract for 24, 48 and 72 h. Viability were quantitated by MTT assay. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 3). The percentage cell viability was normalized against the control. *** P<0.001, * P<0.05
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of A. kopetdaghensis on cell viability of ACHN. Cells were treated with different concentrations of extract for 24, 48 and 72 h. Viability were quantitated by MTT assay. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 3). The percentage cell viability was normalized against the control. *** P<0.001, ** P<0.01, * P<0.05
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of S. lindbergii on cell viability of ACHN. Cells were treated with different concentrations of extract for 24, 48 and 72 h. Viability were quantitated by MTT assay. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 3). The percentage cell viability was normalized against the control. *** P<0.001, ** P<0.01, * P<0.05
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of K.odoratissima on cell viability of ACHN. Cells were treated with different concentrations of extract for 24, 48 and 72 h. Viability were quantitated by MTT assay. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 3). The percentage cell viability was normalized against the control. *** P<0.001, ** P<0.01, * P<0.05
Figure 5
Figure 5
The proportion of apoptotic cells was measured with PI staining of DNA fragmentation by flow cytometry. The extracts induced a sub-G1peak (one of the reliable biochemical markers of apoptosis) in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells compared to control
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