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. 2017:2017:2421585.
doi: 10.1155/2017/2421585. Epub 2017 Oct 11.

Abdominal Wall Reconstruction after Flap Surgery and the Effect on the Immune System

F Popa  1 , A V Georgescu  1
Affiliations

Abdominal Wall Reconstruction after Flap Surgery and the Effect on the Immune System

F Popa et al. Biomed Res Int. 2017.

Abstract

Background: The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of abdominal wall reconstruction surgery on tissue anatomy and to explore how flap surgery influences the patient's immune status.

Methods: Experimental abdominal wall defects were created in 8 Sus scrofa (swine) animal models. The animals were divided into two groups: 4 swine were euthanized one month after surgery for the biopsies retrieval purpose and the other 4 swine were kept alive and the collection of blood samples has been done 6 months after surgery. In order to evaluate the relative gene expression in operated-on animal cohorts we compared them with samples from 4 healthy swine used as controls.

Results: The inflammatory process was present in all types of repairs. Collagen I deposition was higher in the flap repairs. The expression level for the genes related to immune response after 6 months from surgery was relatively similar to the control group except minor alteration registered in the case of two swine models.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate a less pronounced proinflammatory response to surgical trauma in animal models after flap surgery. The postoperative levels of the inflammatory cytokines did not show significant differences after abdominal wall reconstruction using flap surgery.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flap H&E-stained section: (a) suture wire; (b) the foreign body cells near the flap; (c) the resorption of the suture thread by the foreign body giant cells.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sirius Red/Fast Green-stained slide under polarized light: (a) superficial fascia; (b) flap; (c) suture wire; (d) tendon conjunctive tissue; (e) abdominal wall muscle layer.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flap H&E-stained section: (a) the inflammatory process as a diffuse panniculitis; (b) the muscular layer which was destroyed and replaced with a type of panniculitis septal fibrosis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Microabscesses formed in the fibrous mass that completely replaced the fat tissue.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Conjunctive bridge between the dermis and the aponeurosis. The detail on the right side shows the septal panniculitis.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Fold change for the immune response with the related genes.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Histological view of the infected mesh: (a) Masson's trichrome stain, 40x, suture wire encapsulated; (b) H&E stain, 100x, suture wires surrounded by PNM.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The absence of collagen I fibers seen on Sirius Red under cross-polarized light.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Dense network of collagen I seen on Sirius Red under cross-polarized light.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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