Prevalence, treatment patterns and control rates of metabolic syndrome in a Chinese diabetic population: China Cardiometabolic Registries 3B study

Abstract

Aims/introduction: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and assess the effect of MetS on the treatment patterns and blood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipids goal achievements.

Materials and methods: Data from 25,454 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients including demographic data, anthropometric measurements, treatment patterns, and blood glucose and lipid profiles were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Using modified Adult Treatment Panel III MetS criteria, the prevalence of MetS was 57.4% in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who also fulfilled the criteria for MetS, tended to be women, living in the northeast, with a diabetes duration ≥5 years and leading a sedentary lifestyle. Most MetS (53.4%) and non-MetS (57%) diabetes patients received oral hypoglycemic drugs. Insulin or insulin combination therapies were more applied in MetS (37.5%) than in non-MetS (33.1%) diabetes patients, and the percentages of MetS diabetes patients receiving antihypertensive and lipid-modulating drugs were 52.9% and 28.2% vs 38.3% and 19.3% of the non-MetS diabetes patients. Just 37.5%, 15.6% and 32.9% of the MetS diabetes patients vs 54.6%, 45.6% and 40.4% of the non-MetS diabetes patients achieved the individual target goals for control of blood glucose (glycosylated hemoglobin <7%), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure <130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure <80 mmHg) and blood lipids (total cholesterol <4.5 mmol/L), whereas just 2.1% achieved all three target goals.

Conclusions: MetS with a high prevalence in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is associated with poor blood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipids control rate.

Keywords: Blood lipids; Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic syndrome.

Figure 1

Analysis of the blood pressure (BP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and total blood glucose, BP and blood lipid levels (3B) goal attainment rates of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non‐MetS type 2 diabetes patients after hyperglycemic treatments. AGI, α‐glucosidase inhibitor; OHD, oral hypoglycemic drugs; TZD, thiazolidinedione.