Estimation of Correlation between Chronological Age, Skeletal Age and Dental Age in Children- A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: In the modern era, identification and determination of age is imperative for diversity of reasons that include disputed birth records, premature delivery, legal issues and for validation of birth certificate for school admissions, adoption, marriage, job and immigration. Several growth assessment parameters like bone age, dental age and the combination of both have been applied for different population with variable outcomes. It has been well documented that the chronological age does not necessarily correlate with the maturational status of a child. Hence, efforts were made to determine a child's developmental age by using dental age (calcification of teeth) and skeletal age (skeletal maturation).

Aim: The present study was aimed to correlate the chronological age, dental age and skeletal age in children from Southeastern region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Materials and methods: Out of the total 900 screened children, only 100 subjects between age groups of 6-14 years with a mean age of 11.3±2.63 for males and 10.77±2.24 for females were selected for the study. Dental age was calculated by Demirjian method and skeletal age by modified Middle Phalanx of left hand third finger (MP3) method. Pearson's and Spearman's correlation tests were done to estimate the correlation between chronological, dental and skeletal ages among study population.

Results: There was a significant positive correlation between chronological age, dental age and all stages of MP3 among males. Similar results were observed in females, except for a non-significant moderate correlation between chronological age and dental age in the H stage of the MP3 region.

Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed correlation with statistical significance (p<0.05) between chronological, dental and skeletal ages among all the subjects (48 males and 52 females) and females attained maturity earlier than males in the present study population.

Keywords: Age estimation; Demirjian method; Modified MP3 method.

[Table/Fig-1]:

Digital Panoramic radiograph.

[Table/Fig-2]:

MP3 F stage.

[Table/Fig-3]:

Demirjian tooth stages – comparison of radiographs with line drawing. Courtesy: Liversidge HM [8]

[Table/Fig-6]:

Correlation of chronological age, dental age with skeletal age among males.

[Table/Fig-7]:

Correlation of chronological age, dental age with skeletal age among females.

[Table/Fig-8]:

Radiographic interpretation of MP3 stages on IOPA.