Structure Reconstruction of LyP-1: Lc(LyP-1) Coupling by Amide Bond Inspires the Brain Metastatic Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery

Abstract

The stability and binding affinity of targeting ligands are very important in active targeting drug delivery. Herein we used LyP-1 peptide as a model peptide to investigate chemical-biology-based strategies in the design of peptide ligands for active targeting. LyP-1 is a short peptide cyclized with a disulfide bond. It can specifically bind to tumor cells and tumor lymphatics through the interaction with cell-surface protein p32/gC1qR. ^Lc(LyP-1), with a same sequence of LyP-1, is coupled by amide bond. It showed better cellular uptake and stability in blood in our previous research. Further, usually d-peptide demonstrates higher stability than l-peptide, and it may contribute to better active targeting ability in vivo. Herein, we designed a retro-inverso isomer of ^Lc(LyP-1), termed ^Dc(LyP-1), expecting to inspire brain metastatic tumor targeted drug delivery. However, although ^Lc(LyP-1) showed lower stability than ^Dc(LyP-1) in fresh rat bold serum, both the 4T1 cellular uptake capacity (89.20%) and p32 protein binding affinity (7.39 × 10^-6) were significantly higher than those (33.41%, 1.37 × 10^-5) of ^Dc(LyP-1). Further, ^Lc(LyP-1) modified PEG-PLA micelles displayed much higher in vivo distribution in brain metastatic tumor than ^Dc(LyP-1). All results suggested that ^Lc(LyP-1) had a better performance than ^Dc(LyP-1) in brain metastatic tumor-targeted drug delivery.

Keywords: Lc(LyP-1); PEG−PLA micelles; brain metastatic tumor; retro-inverso isomer Dc(LyP-1); targeting drug delivery.