Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2017 Dec 8:15:25.
doi: 10.1186/s40201-017-0285-z. eCollection 2017.

Removal of precursors and disinfection by-products (DBPs) by membrane filtration from water; a review

Mohammad Ali Zazouli  1 , Laleh R Kalankesh  2
Affiliations
Review

Removal of precursors and disinfection by-products (DBPs) by membrane filtration from water; a review

Mohammad Ali Zazouli et al. J Environ Health Sci Eng. .

Abstract

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have heterogeneous structures which are suspected carcinogens as a result of reactions between NOMs (Natural Organic Matter) and oxidants/disinfectants such as chlorine. Because of variability in DBPs characteristics, eliminate completely from drinking water by single technique is impossible. The current article reviews removal of the precursors and DBPs by different membrane filtration methods such as Microfiltration (MF), Ultrafiltration (UF), Nanofiltration (NF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) techniques. Also, we provide an overview of existing and potentially Membrane filtration techniques, highlight their strengths and drawbacks. MF membranes are a suitable alternative to remove suspended solids and colloidal materials. However, NOMs fractions are effectively removed by negatively charged UF membrane. RO can remove both organic and inorganic DBPs and precursors simultaneously. NF can be used to remove compounds from macromolecular size to multivalent ions.

Keywords: DBPs; Drinking water; HAA5; MF; Membrane technology; NF; NOMs; RO; THMs; UF.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Generalized membrane selection chart [86]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Winward GP, Avery LM, Stephenson T, Jefferson B. Chlorine disinfection of grey water for reuse: effect of organics and particles. Water Res 2008 Jan;42(1–2):483–491. PubMed PMID: 17904612. Epub 2007/10/02. eng. - PubMed
    1. Mansoori F., Ranandeh KL, ., Malakootian M,. Kinetics and Isothermic behavior of SiO2 nanoparticles in removal of humic acid from aqueous solutions: a case study on the Alavian dam in Maragheh City, Iran. 2014.
    1. Ghoochani M, Rastkari N, Nodehi RN, Mahvi AH, Nasseri S, Nazmara S. Study on the TOC concentration in raw water and HAAs in Tehran's water treatment plant outlet. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering. 2013;11(1) - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mansouri F, Kalankesh RL, Hasankhani H. The comparision of photo catalytic degredation of dissolved organic (DOC) from water by UV/TiO2 in the presence and absence of Iron ion. Global Nest Journal. 2016 Jun;18(2):392–401. PubMed PMID: WOS:000384530600017.
    1. Ghoochani M, Rastkari N, Heibati B, Ghozikali MG, Jeddi MZ, Fawell J, et al. Risk assessment of haloacetic acids in the water supply of Tehran, Iran. Water Science and Technology-Water Supply. 2017 Jul;17(4):958–965. PubMed PMID: WOS:000408713700006.

LinkOut - more resources