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Review
. 2019 Jan:75-76:43-57.
doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.001. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Understanding cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling to develop biomarkers of myocardial infarction outcomes

Signe Holm Nielsen  1 , Alan J Mouton  2 , Kristine Y DeLeon-Pennell  3 , Federica Genovese  4 , Morten Karsdal  4 , Merry L Lindsey  5
Affiliations
Review

Understanding cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling to develop biomarkers of myocardial infarction outcomes

Signe Holm Nielsen et al. Matrix Biol. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in industrialized countries, and myocardial infarction (MI) is a major CVD with significant morbidity and mortality. Following MI, the left ventricle (LV) undergoes a wound healing response to ischemia that results in extracellular matrix (ECM) scar formation to replace necrotic myocytes. While ECM accumulation following MI is termed cardiac fibrosis, this is a generic term that does not differentiate between ECM accumulation that occurs in the infarct region to form a scar that is structurally necessary to preserve left ventricle (LV) wall integrity and ECM accumulation that increases LV wall stiffness to exacerbate dilation and stimulate the progression to heart failure. This review focuses on post-MI LV ECM remodeling, targeting the discussion on ECM biomarkers that could be useful for predicting MI outcomes.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Collagen; Extracellular matrix; Matrix metalloproteinases; Myocardial infarction.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cellular and molecular events during the three phases 1) Inflammation, 2) Wound Healing and 3) Collagen deposition post-MI.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Illustration of the changes occurring in the ECM remodeling during development of MI.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Neo-epitope markers detecting ECM remodeling
A) Formation of detectable neo-epitopes generated by cleavage of ECM proteins by specific proteases. B) In the absence of proteolytic cleavage, the ECM protein is not recognized by the antibody.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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