Dermatofibroma

Excerpt

Dermatofibroma, also known as fibrous histiocytoma, is a common, benign, cutaneous soft-tissue lesion characterized by firm subcutaneous nodules. The term "fibrous histiocytoma" primarily describes the morphologic appearance of the cell populations forming these lesions rather than solely indicating the cellular lineage. Clinically, these mesenchymal cell lesions of the dermis are commonly found on the extremities and are relatively small, typically measuring 1 cm or less in diameter. Dermatofibromas are prevalent across all age groups; however, they are more frequently observed in individuals aged 20 to 50, especially among females.

Dermatofibromas are typically asymptomatic but may sometimes cause pain, tenderness, or itchiness. The lesions represent a benign dermal proliferation of fibroblasts. Despite the unknown pathogenesis, sometimes dermatofibroma may occur due to insect bites, trauma, minor injuries, or superficial puncture wounds. Although dermatofibromas are benign tumors, cases of local recurrence and, even more rarely, distant metastases have been reported. Therefore, when considering the differential diagnosis of these lesions, it is crucial to distinguish dermatofibroma from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)—a similar-appearing but more aggressive cutaneous neoplasm.