Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Editorial
. 2017 Nov;9(11):4152-4156.
doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.116.

Central sleep apnea during continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients: from the compliance to adaptation, maladaptation and reflexes

Carolina Lombardi  1   2 , Sergio Caravita  3 , Gianfranco Parati  1   2   3
Affiliations
Editorial

Central sleep apnea during continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients: from the compliance to adaptation, maladaptation and reflexes

Carolina Lombardi et al. J Thorac Dis. 2017 Nov.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Presumptive pathophysiological mechanisms underlying complex sleep apneas. Black boxes: cascade of events secondary to obstructive sleep apneas, intervening soon in the course of this disease and favoring chemoreflex activation with leftward shift and steepening of the ventilatory responses to chemical stimuli. Dark gray boxes: cascade of events secondary to obstructive sleep apneas, intervening later in the course of the disease (maladaptive), eventually favored by comorbidities (e.g., heart failure with fluid retention and increase in cardiac filling pressures; obesity or obstructive lung disorders with mechanical constraint) and promoting ventilatory control instability and central sleep apnea (light gray boxes). White boxes: cascade of events secondary to initiation of nocturnal ventilation, eventually promoting ventilatory control instability. Solid lines indicate positive interactions (+); dashed lines indicate inhibitory (-) interactions. CO2, carbon dioxide; O2, oxygen; LV, left ventricle; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; SNS, sympathetic nervous system.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Parati G, Lombardi C, Narkiewicz K. Sleep apnea: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and relation to cardiovascular risk. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007;293:R1671-83. 10.1152/ajpregu.00400.2007 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cao MT, Sternbach JM, Guilleminault C. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstuctive sleep apnea: benefits and alternatives. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017;11:259-72. 10.1080/17476348.2017.1305893 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Jennum P, Tønnesen P, Ibsen R, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea: effect of comorbidities and positive airway pressure on all-cause mortality. Sleep Med 2017;36:62-6. 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.04.018 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Abuzaid AS, Al Ashry HS, Elbadawi A, et al. Meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes with continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Cardiol 2017;120:693-9. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.05.042 - DOI - PubMed
    1. McEvoy RD, Antic NA, Heeley E, et al. CPAP for prevention of cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 2016;375:919-31. 10.1056/NEJMoa1606599 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources