. 2017 Nov;9(11):4512-4522.

doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.108.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma-a multicenter analysis of the German working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy"

Juliane Hoerner-Rieber^{1

2}, Marciana Duma³, Oliver Blanck⁴, Guido Hildebrandt⁵, Andrea Wittig⁶, Fabian Lohaus^{7

8

9}, Michael Flentje¹⁰, Frederick Mantel¹⁰, Robert Krempien¹¹, Michael J Eble¹², Klaus Henning Kahl¹³, Judit Boda-Heggemann¹⁴, Stefan Rieken^{1

2}, Matthias Guckenberger¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
² National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.
³ Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University Munich, Germany.
⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, UKSH Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
⁶ Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Philipps-University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Germany.
⁷ Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital C.G. Carus, Technical University Dresden, Germany.
⁸ German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Germany.
⁹ OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany.
¹⁰ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.
¹¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, Helios Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany.
¹² Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
¹³ Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Augsburg, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

PMID: 29268521
PMCID: PMC5721071
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.108

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma-a multicenter analysis of the German working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy"

Juliane Hoerner-Rieber et al. J Thorac Dis. 2017 Nov.

. 2017 Nov;9(11):4512-4522.

doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.108.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
² National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.
³ Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University Munich, Germany.
⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, UKSH Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
⁶ Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Philipps-University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Germany.
⁷ Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital C.G. Carus, Technical University Dresden, Germany.
⁸ German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Germany.
⁹ OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany.
¹⁰ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.
¹¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, Helios Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany.
¹² Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
¹³ Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Augsburg, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

PMID: 29268521
PMCID: PMC5721071
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.108

Abstract

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is traditionally considered to be radioresistant. Radiotherapy response rates are believed to improve with hypofractionated, high dose stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). However, limited data exist regarding the role of SBRT in the treatment of pulmonary metastases.

Methods: The working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy" of the German Society of Radiation Oncology analyzed its multi-institutional database of more than 700 patients who received SBRT for pulmonary metastases. Treatment was performed at 10 centers between 2001 and 2016. Patients with metastatic RCC were included in the study. Tumor characteristics, treatment details, and follow-up data including survival, local control (LC), distant metastases, and toxicity were evaluated.

Results: A total of 46 RCC patients treated with SBRT for 67 lung metastases were identified, who received a median total biologically effective dose (BED_iso) at planning target volume (PTV) isocenter of 117.0 Gy (range, 48.0-189.0 Gy). A median fractional dose of 20.8 Gy at isocenter (range, 6.0-37.9 Gy) was administered in a median number of 3 fractions (1-8 fractions). After a median follow-up time of 28.3 months for all patients, 1- and 3-year LC rates were 98.1% and 91.9%, with corresponding 1- and 3-year overall survival (OS) of 84.3% and 43.8%, respectively. Pulmonary metastases treated with BEDiso ≥130 Gy showed a trend for superior LC (P=0.054). OS was significantly improved in both uni- and multivariate analysis for patients with higher Karnofsky performance scale, lower maximum pulmonary metastasis diameter and lack of post-SBRT systemic therapy due to progression (P=0.014; P=0.049; P=0.006). Only mild acute and late toxicity was reported.

Conclusions: SBRT for pulmonary metastases from RCC was associated with low treatment-associated toxicity, promising survival, and excellent LC, especially in those patients receiving a BED_iso ≥130 Gy.

Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC); extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy; lung metastases; radioresistance; stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Outcome analysis. (A) Local control (LC) following SBRT for 67 lung metastases from RCC; (B) metastases treated with BED_ISO ≥130 Gy showed a tendency for superior LC (P=0.054). SBRT, stereotactic body radiotherapy; RCC, renal cell carcinoma.

**Figure 2**
Overall survival (OS) after SBRT of 67 pulmonary metastases in 46 RCC patients. SBRT, stereotactic body radiotherapy; RCC, renal cell carcinoma.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma-a multicenter analysis of the German working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy"

Affiliations

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma-a multicenter analysis of the German working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy"

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