Non-Vascularized Autogenous Bone Grafts for Reconstruction of Maxillofacial Osseous Defects

Abstract

Objective: To determine the outcomes of non-vascularized bone grafts for reconstruction of maxillofacial defects.

Study design: Case series.

Place and duration of study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, from January 2013 to December 2015.

Methodology: Descriptive analyses of 30 patients, who underwent maxillofacial reconstruction with non-vascularized bone grafts, were conducted. The demographic information, diagnosis, and type of graft harvested to reconstruct the defect were statistically analyzed. Outcomes of reconstruction with non-vascularized bone grafts were analyzed in terms of mouth opening, success of dental rehabilitation, and postoperative complications, i.e. surgical site infection and hardware loosening.

Results: A total of 30 patients ranging from 8 to 60 years (33.57 ±14.74 years) had maxillofacial defects reconstructed mostly due to gunshot injuries, followed by post-resection defects. Overall 15 cases (50%) were reconstructed with iliac crest cortico-cancellous bone graft, 11 cases (36.7%) with rib; while in four cases (13.3%), costochondral graft was used for reconstruction. In 26 cases (86.7%), graft was found to be successful. In three cases, re-operation for onlay bone graft was required to provide optimal dental rehabilitation; while in just one case, postoperative surgical site infection was observed.

Conclusion: Non-vascularized bone grafts provide a reasonable and effective modality for reconstruction of maxillofacial defects.