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Review
. 2017 Nov 14:11:91-100.
doi: 10.2174/1874613601711010091. eCollection 2017.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma and HIV Infection

Antonio Marra  1 , Giosuè Scognamiglio  2 , Ilaria Peluso  3 , Gerardo Botti  2 , Celeste Fusciello  4 , Amelia Filippelli  5 , Paolo A Ascierto  6 , Stefano Pepe  4 , Francesco Sabbatino  4
Affiliations
Review

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma and HIV Infection

Antonio Marra et al. Open AIDS J. .

Abstract

Introduction: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors increases the overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma regardless of their oncogene addicted mutations. However, no data is available from clinical trials of effective therapies in subgroups of melanoma patients that carry chronic infective diseases such as HIV. Evidences suggest a key role of the immune checkpoint molecules as a mechanism of immune escape not only from melanoma but also from HIV host immune response.

Conclusion: In this article, firstly, we will describe the role of the immune checkpoint molecules in HIV chronic infection. Secondly, we will summarize the most relevant clinical evidences utilizing immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of melanoma patients. Lastly, we will discuss the potential implications as well as the potential applications of immune checkpoint molecule-based immunotherapy in patients with melanoma and HIV infection.

Keywords: HIV; Immune checkpoint molecules; Immunotherapy; Infection; Melanoma; Survival.

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Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Immune checkpoint molecule expression in HIV infection. Immune checkpoint molecules can influence HIV chronic persistence by inhibiting immune system activation and elimination of HIV infected cells.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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