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Review
. 2017 Dec 20:14:23.
doi: 10.1186/s12979-017-0105-4. eCollection 2017.

Immunological and non-immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases in the elderly: biological and clinical characteristics

Gabriele Di Lorenzo  1   2 , Danilo Di Bona  3 , Federica Belluzzo  1 , Luigi Macchia  3
Affiliations
Review

Immunological and non-immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases in the elderly: biological and clinical characteristics

Gabriele Di Lorenzo et al. Immun Ageing. .

Abstract

A better hygiene, a Westernized diet, air pollution, climate changes, and other factors that influence host microbiota, a key player in the induction and maintenance of immunoregulatory circuits and tolerance, are thought to be responsible for the increase of allergic diseases observed in the last years. The increase of allergic diseases in elderly is related to the presence of other factors as several comorbidities that should interfere with the development and the type of allergic reactions. A central role is played by immunosenescence responsible for modifying response to microbiota and triggering inflamm-ageing. In addition, in elderly there is a shift from Th1 responses vs. Th2, hence favouring allergic responses. Better understanding of the mechanisms of immunosenescence and its effects on allergic inflammation will most certainly lead to improved therapy.

Keywords: Allergic conjunctivitis; Allergic rhinitis; Asthma; Elderly; Immunosenescence; Skin diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

Not applicableNot applicableThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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