Food safety challenges and One Health within Europe

Abstract

This review discusses food safety aspects of importance from a One Health perspective, focusing on Europe. Using examples of food pathogen/food commodity combinations, spread of antimicrobial resistance in the food web and the risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens in a circular system, it demonstrates how different perspectives are interconnected. The chosen examples all show the complexity of the food system and the necessity of using a One Health approach. Food safety resources should be allocated where they contribute most One Health benefits. Data on occurrence and disease burden and knowledge of source attribution are crucial in assessing costs and benefits of control measures. Future achievements in food safety, public health and welfare will largely be based on how well politicians, researchers, industry, national agencies and other stakeholders manage to collaborate using the One Health approach. It can be concluded that closer cooperation between different disciplines is necessary to avoid silo thinking when addressing important food safety challenges. The importance of this is often mentioned, but more proof of concept is needed by the research community.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; Bovine spongiform encephalitis; Foodborne disease; Foodborne outbreak; Listeria monocytogenes; Norovirus; Raspberries; Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; Sprouted seeds.

Fig. 1

The key elements included in One Health

Fig. 2

Key aspects related to the included cases illustrating food safety and One Health