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. 2018 Jan 4;12(1):e0006131.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006131. eCollection 2018 Jan.

Madagascar can build stronger health systems to fight plague and prevent the next epidemic

Matthew H Bonds  1   2 , Mohammed A Ouenzar  2 , Andres Garchitorena  2   3 , Laura F Cordier  2 , Meg G McCarty  2 , Michael L Rich  2   4 , Benjamin Andriamihaja  2   5 , Justin Haruna  2 , Paul E Farmer  1   4
Affiliations

Madagascar can build stronger health systems to fight plague and prevent the next epidemic

Matthew H Bonds et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Geographical distribution of plague cases in Madagascar.
Over 2,200 cases suspected (e.g., clinical symptoms), probable (e.g., positive RDT), and confirmed (e.g., Y. pestis isolated via culture) as reported by the World Health Organization as of November 2017 [1]; additional cases country wide were treated as plague based on clinical assessment but not officially reported due to a lack of diagnostic capacity.
Fig 2
Fig 2
Strengthened health systems are grounded in three components: (1) horizontal readiness includes supply chain management, adequate and well-trained staff, medicines, and infrastructure that must be available at all levels of care—primary care through basic health centers and community health programs, secondary hospital care (district hospitals), and tertiary care in national referral and university hospitals; (2) vertically integrated programs include routine clinical programs such as maternal-child health and infectious disease management, prevention activities such as vaccine campaigns, and emergency response to plague and other outbreaks; (3) integrated data from health management information systems and epidemiological surveillance.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Brygoo ER. Epidemiologie de la peste à Madagascar. Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1966;35: 7–147.
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