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Review
. 2017 Dec 22:8:1850.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01850. eCollection 2017.

Chimeric Antigen Receptors T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumor: Challenges and Clinical Applications

Hamid R Mirzaei  1 , Analiz Rodriguez  2 , Jennifer Shepphird  3 , Christine E Brown  3 , Behnam Badie  2
Affiliations
Review

Chimeric Antigen Receptors T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumor: Challenges and Clinical Applications

Hamid R Mirzaei et al. Front Immunol. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT) employing engineered T lymphocytes expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) has demonstrated promising antitumor effects in advanced hematologic cancers, such as relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, supporting the translation of ACT to non-hematological malignancies. Although CAR T cell therapy has made remarkable strides in the treatment of patients with certain hematological cancers, in solid tumors success has been limited likely due to heterogeneous antigen expression, immunosuppressive networks in the tumor microenvironment limiting CAR T cell function and persistence, and suboptimal trafficking to solid tumors. Here, we outline specific approaches to overcome barriers to CAR T cell effectiveness in the context of the tumor microenvironment and offer our perspective on how expanding the use of CAR T cells in solid tumors may require modifications in CAR T cell design. We anticipate these modifications will further expand CAR T cell therapy in clinical practice.

Keywords: CAR; T cell therapy; chimeric antigen receptor; immunotherapy; solid tumors.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic representation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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