Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2018 May;103(5):802-814.
doi: 10.1002/cpt.1010. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Developing Drugs for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: What Have We Learned From Clinical Trials?

Markus Hinder  1 , B Alexander Yi  2 , Thomas H Langenickel  1
Affiliations
Review

Developing Drugs for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: What Have We Learned From Clinical Trials?

Markus Hinder et al. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2018 May.

Abstract

There remains a large unmet need for new therapies in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In the early drug development phase, the therapeutic potential of a drug is not yet fully understood and trial endpoints other than mortality are needed to guide drug development decisions. While a true surrogate marker for mortality in heart failure (HF) remains elusive, the successes and failures of previous trials can reveal markers that support clinical Go/NoGo decisions.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An ideal case suggesting a Go decision.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A case suggesting a NoGo decision.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ponikowski, P . et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 18, 891–975 (2016). - PubMed
    1. Yancy, C.W. et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 62, e147–239 (2013). - PubMed
    1. Braunschweig, F. , Cowie, M.R. & Auricchio, A. What are the costs of heart failure? Europace 13(suppl. 2), ii13–17 (2011). - PubMed
    1. Roger, V.L. Epidemiology of heart failure. Circ. Res. 113, 646–659 (2013). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Blecker, S. , Paul, M. , Taksler, G. , Ogedegbe, G. & Katz, S. Heart failure‐associated hospitalizations in the United States. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 61, 1259–1267 (2013). - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms