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. 2017 Dec 1;35(6):607-612.
doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.06.009.

[A cone beam computed tomography study on the anatomical position of accessory mandibular foramina in Jiangxi adults]

[Article in Chinese]
Ke Xing  1 , Li Bohan  1 , Chen Linlin  1 , Jiang Xindi  1
Affiliations

[A cone beam computed tomography study on the anatomical position of accessory mandibular foramina in Jiangxi adults]

[Article in Chinese]
Ke Xing et al. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objective: This study used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to access the distribution and position of accessory mandibular foramina in the mandibular body of Jiangxi adults, and some safety rules of operation for clinics were provided.

Methods: Two hundred CBCT image subjects of Jiangxi adults were selected, which were divided into 4 groups by age with the same sex ratio. The number and position of accessory mandibular foramina in mandibular anterior teeth, premolars and molars region were described and the relationship between accessory mandibular foramina incidence and factors of age, gender and lateral were analyzed.

Results: A total of 1 123 accessory mandibular foramina were found, with a mean of 5.62±2.10 per person. The accessory mandibular foramina incidence decreased from the mesial region to the distal, and the lingual was higher than the buccal. There was no significant difference in the number of accessory mandibular foramina in male and female (P=0.195). However, the number of accessory mandibular foramina was negatively correlated with age (r(s)=-0.301). Three highest frequency regions of accessory mandibular foramina were mandibular symphysis area (98.0%), lingual alveolar area of lower medial (88.0%) and lateral incisors and inferior area of lingual premolar (55.0%).

Conclusions: Accessory mandibular foramina are widely presented in the body of everyone's mandible, addition attention should be paid to avoid the complications causing by the damage of canal contents in the clinics.

目的 应用锥形束CT（CBCT）观测江西成年人群下颌骨体副孔的分布位置，为临床安全操作提供依据。方法 选取200份江西成年人的CBCT资料，按年龄分为4组，每组男女比例相等。描述下颌骨前牙、前磨牙和磨牙各区域的副孔数目和分布位置，分析年龄、性别和左右侧因素与副孔发生率的关系。结果 发现下颌骨体副孔共 1 123个，人均（5.62±2.10）个。副孔发生率自近中区域向远中降低，舌侧副孔发生率高于颊侧，男女性副孔数目无差异（P=0.195），年龄与副孔数目呈负相关（r(s)=-0.301）。下颌骨体三处副孔高频区域为：正中联合部（98.0%），中、侧切牙牙槽突舌侧（88.0%），前磨牙区的低位（55.0%）。结论 下颌骨副孔每人均会出现，临床需留意避免损伤副孔内容物而引起并发症。.

Keywords: accessory mandibular foramen; cone beam computed tomography; mandible; mandibular anatomy.

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Figures

图 1
图 1. 下颌骨体区域划分示意图
Fig 1 Schematic representation of the region division of the mandibular body
图 2
图 2. 下颌中、侧切牙牙槽突舌侧副孔，左右侧各1个
Fig 2 Accessory mandibular foramina in lingual alveolar area of lower medial and lateral incisors，there are one foramen in each left and right sides A：前方；L：左侧；T：上方。a：冠状面，左右侧副孔管；b：横断面，左右侧副孔；c：矢状面，右侧副孔管；d：矢状面，左侧副孔管；e：三维重建，后面观察左右侧副孔。箭头所指为副孔管。
图 3
图 3. 下颌正中联合部副孔，颏棘上方、下方和唇侧各1个
Fig 3 Accessory mandibular foramina in mandibular symphysis area, there are one foramen in each superior and inferior genial spinal and the labial side A：前方；L：左侧；T：上方。a：冠状面，舌侧颏棘上下2副孔管；b：冠状面，唇侧副孔管；c：横断面，颏棘上副孔管；d：横断面，颏棘下副孔管；e：横断面，唇侧副孔管；f：矢状面，舌侧颏棘上下2副孔管；g：矢状面，唇侧副孔管；h：三维重建，舌侧颏棘上下2副孔；i：三维重建，唇侧副孔。箭头所指为副孔管。
图 4
图 4. 下颌前磨牙区的低位副孔，左右侧各1个
Fig 4 Accessory mandibular foramina in inferior area of lingual premolar, there are one foramen in each left and right sides A：前方；L：左侧；T：上方。a：冠状面，右侧副孔管；b：冠状面，左侧副孔管；c：横断面，左右侧副孔；d：矢状面，右侧副孔管；e：矢状面，左侧副孔管；f：三维重建，左右侧副孔。箭头所指为副孔管。
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