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. 2018 Feb 1;116(1):e14-e18.
doi: 10.5546/aap.2018.eng.e14.

Morbidity in congenital heart surgery in a public hospital in Argentina

[Article in English, Spanish]
Affiliations
Free article

Morbidity in congenital heart surgery in a public hospital in Argentina

[Article in English, Spanish]
María Althabe et al. Arch Argent Pediatr. .
Free article

Abstract

Objective: To describe the complications associated with heart surgery, compare them to a reference population, and identify mortality risk factors.

Patients and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study. All patients who underwent surgery at Hospital Garrahan in the 2013-2015 period were included. Age, weight, procedure, mechanical ventilation, length of stay in days, morbidity, and course were recorded. Renal failure requiring dialysis, neurological deficit, permanent pacemaker, circulatory support, phrenic nerve or vocal cord palsy, reoperation, wound infection, chylothorax, and tracheotomy were considered morbidities. A descriptive, statistical analysis by risk category was done using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) morbidity score.

Results: 1536 patients, median age: 12 months (interquartile range [IQR] 25-75: 3-60), weight: 8 kg (IQR 25-75: 4.4 to 17.5), mortality: 5%. A total of 361 events were recorded in 183 patients. An unplanned reoperation was the most common event (7.2%); the rest occurred in < 3% of patients. Compared to patients without complications, patients who had events required more days on mechanical ventilation: 9.95 (IQR 25-75: 7.6512.24) versus 1.8 (IQR 2575: 1.46-2.14), p< 0.00001; a longer length of stay: 28.8 (IQR 25-75: 25.1-32.5) versus 8.5 (IQR 25-75: 7.9-9.2), p< 0.0001; and had a higher mortality: 19.6% versus 3.1% (RR: 4.58, 95% CI: 3.4 to 6.0), p< 0.0001. Circulatory support and renal failure were associated with a higher mortality.

Conclusions: An unplanned reoperation was the most common event. Patients with complications required more days on mechanical ventilation and a longer length of stay and had a higher mortality. Circulatory support and renal failure were associated with a higher mortality.

Objetivo: Describir las complicaciones asociadas a cirugía cardíaca, compararlas con una población de referencia e identificar factores de riesgo de mortalidad.

Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes operados en 2013-2015 en el Hospital Garrahan. Se registró edad, peso, procedimiento, ventilación mecánica, días de internación, morbilidad y evolución. Se consideró morbilidad la insuficiencia renal con diálisis, déficit neurológico, marcapaso permanente, asistencia circulatoria, parálisis frénica o de cuerdas vocales, reoperación, infección de herida, quilotórax y traqueotomía. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo y por categorías de riesgo utilizando la escala de morbilidad de la Sociedad de Cirugía Torácica (Surgical Thoracic Society, STS).

Resultados: 1536 pacientes, mediana de 12 meses (rango intercuartílico -RIC- 25-75: 3-60), peso de 8 kg (RIC25-75: de 4,4 a 17,5), con mortalidad de 5%. Se registraron 361 eventos en 183 pacientes. La reoperación no planificada fue el más frecuente (7,2%); los restantes ocurrieron en ≤ 3% de los pacientes. En comparación con los pacientes sin complicaciones, los pacientes con eventos tuvieron más días de ventilación mecánica: 9,95 (RIC25-75: 7,65-12,24) vs. 1,8 (RIC25- 75: 1,46-2,14), p< 0,00001; mayor internación: 28,8 (RIC25-75: 25,1-32,5) vs. 8,5 (RIC25-75: 7,99,2), p <0,0001; y mayor mortalidad: 19,6% vs. 3,1%(RR 4,58;IC95%: de 3,4 a 6,0), p <0,0001. La asistencia circulatoria e insuficiencia renal se asociaron con mayor mortalidad.

Conclusiones: La reoperación no planificada fue el evento más frecuente. Los pacientes con complicaciones tuvieron más días de ventilación mecánica, de internación y mayor mortalidad. La asistencia circulatoria y la insuficiencia renal se asociaron con mayor mortalidad.

Keywords: Cardiovascular surgical procedures; Congenital heart diseases; Morbidity.

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