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. 2018 Jan 15;9(1):40-52.
doi: 10.4239/wjd.v9.i1.40.

Association of obesity with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Giridhara R Babu  1 , G V S Murthy  2 , Yamuna Ana  3 , Prital Patel  4 , R Deepa  3 , Sara E Benjamin Neelon  5 , Sanjay Kinra  6 , K Srinath Reddy  7
Affiliations

Association of obesity with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Giridhara R Babu et al. World J Diabetes. .

Abstract

Aim: To perform a meta-analysis of the association of obesity with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India among adults.

Methods: To conduct meta-analysis, we performed comprehensive, electronic literature search in the PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and Google Scholar. We restricted the analysis to studies with documentation of some measure of obesity namely; body mass index, waist-hip ratio, waist circumference and diagnosis of hypertension or diagnosis of T2DM. By obtaining summary estimates of all included studies, the meta-analysis was performed using both RevMan version 5 and "metan" command STATA version 11. Heterogeneity was measured by I2 statistic. Funnel plot analysis has been done to assess the study publication bias.

Results: Of the 956 studies screened, 18 met the eligibility criteria. The pooled odds ratio between obesity and hypertension was 3.82 (95%CI: 3.39 to 4.25). The heterogeneity around this estimate (I2 statistic) was 0%, indicating low variability. The pooled odds ratio from the included studies showed a statistically significant association between obesity and T2DM (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.04 to 1.24) with a high degree of variability.

Conclusion: Despite methodological differences, obesity showed significant, potentially plausible association with hypertension and T2DM in studies conducted in India. Being a modifiable risk factor, our study informs setting policy priority and intervention efforts to prevent debilitating complications.

Keywords: Hypertension; Meta-analysis; Obesity; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors deny any conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis study flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Meta-analysis of studies exploring association between obesity and hypertension in India.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meta-analysis of studies exploring association between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in India.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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