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. 2017 Nov-Dec;22(6):14-24.
doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.6.014-024.int.

An interview with Mario Polo

Mario Polo  1
Affiliations

An interview with Mario Polo

Mario Polo. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Nov-Dec.

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Dental Press J Orthod. 2019 Aug 1;24(3):113. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.24.3.113.err. Dental Press J Orthod. 2019. PMID: 31390445 Free PMC article.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Smiling photo of the patient who motivated Dr. Polo to seek a treatment alternative for the correction of gummy smiles using Botox®.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Diagram of facial muscles. Those injected with Botox following Dr. Polo’s protocol (LLSAN, LLS, and Zmi) are highlighted in green.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Diagram depicting approximate location of the Polo Injection Points, corresponding to the LLSAN/LLS and the LLS/Zmi sites. Final location of the injection sites are determined by muscle contraction palpation and by muscle functional animation (smile production).
Figure 4
Figure 4. Before and after photos of patients with four levels of gingival display injected with Dr. Polo’s current injection protocol, as described in Table 1. A-D) Level 1; E-H) Level 2; I-L) Level 3 and M-P) Level 4.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Serial photos of a patient with gummy smile treated with Lip Repositioning Surgery (LRS). Relapsed 15 months after procedure.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Before and after photos of a patient with a severe gummy smile and skeletal vertical discrepancy. Surgical correction rejected: treated with BTX-A Dose #4.
None
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Polo M. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of excessive gingival display. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;127(2):214–218. - PubMed
    1. Polo M. Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) for the neuromuscular correction of excessive gingival display on smiling (gummy smile) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(2):195–203. - PubMed
    1. Polo M. A simplified method for smile enhancement: botulinum toxin injection for gummy smile. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;131(6):934e–9345. - PubMed
    1. Polo M. Commentary on botulinum toxin for the treatment of excessive gingival display: a systematic review. Aesthet Surg J. 2016;36(1):89–92. - PubMed
    1. Rubinstein AM, Kostianovsky AS. Cirugia estetica de la malformacion de la sonrisa. Prensa Med Argent. 1973;60:952–954.

Personal name as subject