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Review
. 2015 Sep 28;1(3):293-331.
doi: 10.3390/jof1030293.

Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients

Xavier Iriart  1   2   3   4 , Marine Le Bouar  5   6   7   8 , Nassim Kamar  9   10   11 , Antoine Berry  12   13   14   15
Affiliations
Review

Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients

Xavier Iriart et al. J Fungi (Basel). .

Abstract

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is well known and described in AIDS patients. Due to the increasing use of cytotoxic and immunosuppressive therapies, the incidence of this infection has dramatically increased in the last years in patients with other predisposing immunodeficiencies and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients. PCP in HIV-negative patients, such as SOT patients, harbors some specificity compared to AIDS patients, which could change the medical management of these patients. This article summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnoses, prevention, and treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia in solid-organ transplant recipients, with a particular focus on the changes caused by the use of post-transplantation prophylaxis.

Keywords: Pneumocystis jirovecii; Pneumocystis pneumonia; solid-organ transplant recipients; transplantation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors of this manuscript have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) at post-transplantation over time in patients that benefited from early prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Adapted from Iriart et al. [27]. The two dotted lines (1 and 2 years) delimit three different periods in the occurrence of the disease after the transplantation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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