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Review
. 2018 Jan 31;19(2):424.
doi: 10.3390/ijms19020424.

Recent Advances in Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease: Role of Science and Technology

Eswar Kandaswamy  1 , Li Zuo  2
Affiliations
Review

Recent Advances in Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease: Role of Science and Technology

Eswar Kandaswamy et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. In the last decade, significant advancements in CAD treatment have been made. The existing treatment is medical, surgical or a combination of both depending on the extent, severity and clinical presentation of CAD. The collaboration between different science disciplines such as biotechnology and tissue engineering has led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies such as stem cells, nanotechnology, robotic surgery and other advancements (3-D printing and drugs). These treatment modalities show promising effects in managing CAD and associated conditions. Research on stem cells focuses on studying the potential for cardiac regeneration, while nanotechnology research investigates nano-drug delivery and percutaneous coronary interventions including stent modifications and coatings. This article aims to provide an update on the literature (in vitro, translational, animal and clinical) related to these novel strategies and to elucidate the rationale behind their potential treatment of CAD. Through the extensive and continued efforts of researchers and clinicians worldwide, these novel strategies hold the promise to be effective alternatives to existing treatment modalities.

Keywords: heart; stem cells; surgery; treatment modality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
This schematic illustrates the potential applications by which nanotechnology, stem cells, robotics, new drugs and 3-D printing can be used in the treatment of coronary artery disease. Abbreviations: coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), coronary artery disease (CAD), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The upward arrow represents an increase of blood flow.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The schematic illustrates the potential advantages of using robotics in the treatment of CAD. The upward or downward arrows represent an increase or a decrease of blood flow, respectively.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The schematic illustrates the potential advantages of using nanotechnology in the treatment of CAD. PCI—Percutaneous coronary intervention. Abbreviations: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The upward or downward arrows represent an increase or a decrease of the referred parameters.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The schematic illustrates the potential of different types of stem cells in the treatment of CAD. Abbreviations: Adipose stem cells (ASC); bone-marrow stem cells (BMSC); cardiac stem cells (CSC); hematopoietic stem cells (HSC); pluripotent stem cells (PSC); stem cells (SC).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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