Pharyngeal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Abstract

This article discusses the extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease, focusing primarily on the gamut of pharyngeal abnormalities that can be detected on barium swallows. Abnormalities of pharyngeal swallowing caused by gastroesophageal reflux are illustrated. We particularly emphasize how pharyngoesophageal relationships can guide the radiologist for performing tailored barium swallows to optimally evaluate pharyngeal abnormalities in patients with underlying gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Keywords: Barium swallow; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Pharyngeal abnormalities; Pharyngoesophageal relationships.