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. 2018 Sep 1;25(9):792-798.
doi: 10.5551/jat.43125. Epub 2018 Feb 3.

Screening Validity of Arterial Pressure-Volume Index and Arterial Velocity-Pulse Index for Preclinical Atherosclerosis in Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults: the Nagasaki Islands Study

Hirotomo Yamanashi  1   2 , Jun Koyamatsu  1 , Mako Nagayoshi  3 , Yuji Shimizu  3 , Shin-Ya Kawashiri  3 , Hideaki Kondo  3 , Shoichi Fukui  3 , Mami Tamai  4 , Takahiro Maeda  1   3
Affiliations

Screening Validity of Arterial Pressure-Volume Index and Arterial Velocity-Pulse Index for Preclinical Atherosclerosis in Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults: the Nagasaki Islands Study

Hirotomo Yamanashi et al. J Atheroscler Thromb. .

Abstract

Aim: The arterial pressure-volume index (API) and arterial velocity-pulse index (AVI) are novel measurement indices of arterial stiffness. This study was performed to examine the screening validity of the API and AVI for preclinical atherosclerosis in Japanese community-dwelling adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2,809 participants aged ≥40 years who underwent Japanese national medical check-ups from 2014 to 2016. Preclinical atherosclerosis was defined as a mean carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) of ≥1.0 mm. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the association of CIMT with API and AVI, adjusting for body mass index, sex, and the Framingham-D'Agostino score. We also examined receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity, and specificity to predict preclinical atherosclerosis defined by the CIMT. The cardio-ankle vascular index was also measured for comparison with the API and AVI.

Results: Of 2,809 participants, 68 (2.4%) had preclinical atherosclerosis. In the multivariable linear regression analysis, the API and AVI maintained a positive association with the mean CIMT (B=2.6, P=0.009 and B=3.7, P=0.001, respectively). The cut-offs of the API and AVI that demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity for detection of subclinical atherosclerosis were 31 [area under the curve (AUC), 0.64] and 29 (AUC, 0.60).

Conclusions: The API and AVI were positively associated with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis independent of the participants' cardiovascular risk. The ability of these scores to predict carotid atherosclerosis could make them a useful screening tool for atherosclerosis.

Keywords: Arterial pressure–volume index; Arterial stiffness; Arterial velocity–pulse index; Carotid intima–media thickness.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting a mean CIMT of ≥ 1.0 mm using the API, AVI, and CAVI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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