Microbial diversity and community structure in agricultural soils suffering from 4 years of Pb contamination

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution has become a widespread environmental problem due to rapid economic development. The phylogenetic diversity and structure of microbial communities in lead (Pb)-contaminated Lou soils were investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The presence of Pb²⁺ in soil showed weak impact on the diversity of soil bacteria community, but it influenced the abundance of some genera of bacteria, as well as soil physicochemical properties. We found significant differences in the relative abundances of heavy-metal-resistant bacteria such as Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Arthrobacter at the genus level. Available Pb and total Pb negatively correlated with soil organic matter but positively affected available phosphorus. The abundance of main bacteria phyla was highly correlated with total Pb. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, and Planctomycetes was negatively correlated with total Pb. Collectively, Pb influences both the microbial community composition and physicochemical properties of soil.

Keywords: 16S rRNA gene; Illumina MiSeq sequencing; Pb contamination; contamination au Pb; diversité microbienne du sol; gène de l’ARNr 16S; soil microbial diversity; séquençage par Illumina MiSeq.