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Review
. 2016 Feb;6(1):1-10.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 21.

Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Zhuowei Shen  1 , Chuang Lv  2 , Su Zeng  1
Affiliations
Review

Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Zhuowei Shen et al. J Pharm Anal. 2016 Feb.

Abstract

Stereoselectivity in drug metabolism can not only influence the pharmacological activities, tolerability, safety, and bioavailability of drugs directly, but also cause different kinds of drug-drug interactions. Thus, assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism is of great significance for pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and rational use in clinic. Although there are various methods available for assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism, many of them have shortcomings. The indirect method of chromatographic methods can only be applicable to specific samples with functional groups to be derivatized or form complex with a chiral selector, while the direct method achieved by chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is expensive. As a detector of chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry (MS) is highly sensitive and specific, whereas the matrix interference is still a challenge to overcome. In addition, the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and immunoassay in chiral analysis are worth noting. This review presents several typical examples of drug stereoselective metabolism and provides a literature-based evaluation on current chiral analytical techniques to show the significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism.

Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Chiral chromatography; Enantiomer; Immunoassay; Mass spectrometry; NMR.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The chirality of NMEs. The percentage (shown on the y-axis) and number (shown above the bars) of FDA-approved NMEs according to the chirality of the NME are shown for the 2010–2014 period.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The structure of omeprazole and its metabolites (the atom marked * is the chiral center).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The structure of methylphenobarbital (the atom marked * is the chiral center).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The structure of phenytoin and its metabolites.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The structure of bufuralol and its metabolites.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The structure of thalidomide (the atom marked * is the chiral center).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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