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Review
. 2018 Mar;32(1):103-118.
doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.11.004.

Norovirus Illnesses in Children and Adolescents

Minesh P Shah  1 , Aron J Hall  2
Affiliations
Review

Norovirus Illnesses in Children and Adolescents

Minesh P Shah et al. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2018 Mar.

Abstract

Norovirus is a leading cause of childhood vomiting and diarrhea in the United States and globally. Although most illnesses caused by norovirus are self-resolving, severe outcomes may occur from dehydration, including hospitalization and death. A vast majority of deaths from norovirus occur in developing countries. Immunocompromised children are at risk for more severe outcomes. Treatment of norovirus illness is focused on early correction of dehydration and maintenance of fluid status and nutrition. Hand hygiene, exclusion of ill individuals, and environmental cleaning are important for norovirus outbreak prevention and control, and vaccines to prevent norovirus illness are currently under development.

Keywords: Diarrhea; Gastroenteritis; Norovirus; Outbreaks; Vomiting.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Estimates of annual burden (annual number of illnesses and associated outcomes) for norovirus disease for children 0 to 17 years, United States. Data were derived from point estimates of rates of norovirus-associated deaths, hospitalizations, emergency department visits, outpatient visits,, and illnesses. Population size based on 2016 US Census estimates.
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