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. 2018 Nov;50(9):547-552.
doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.06.005. Epub 2018 Feb 14.

[Use of new technologies by adolescents in the search for health information]

[Article in Spanish]
Affiliations

[Use of new technologies by adolescents in the search for health information]

[Article in Spanish]
Minerva Blázquez Barba et al. Aten Primaria. 2018 Nov.

Abstract

Objective: To describe Internet sources used by adolescents to consult health information and their sociodemographic characteristics, as well as to identify the variables that influence the choice of Internet site.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Survey adapted from the questionnaire validated by Rideout.

Participants and location: Adolescents aged 12-18 from 4schools in rural municipalities.

Results: The study included a total of 405 adolescents, of whom 51.6% were female, age 14.9 ± 1.2 years. Most of them (87.25%) live with both parents, and 93.6% have computers at home, with 45.2% in their rooms, and a mean of 2.1 computers/home. The large majority (85.2%) have Internet at home, with 76.3% in their room. A total of 53.8% sought health information 0.71 ± 0.91 h/week, seeking mainly information on: cancer (89.9%), addictions (67.7%), STIs and HIV (49.6%), pregnancies/contraception (21, 5%), mental illness (40%), heart disease and diabetes mellitus (53.6%), and eating disorders (39.3%). Google was chosen by 63.2%, and only 11.9% chose medical websites. Information was shared on social networks by 12.8% (70.3% Facebook). The information found led to a change of behaviour in 70.7%. Just over half (56.05%) preferred to use the Internet for: speed, 34.8%, privacy, 15.8%, reliability, 13.6%, and more information, 17.6%.

Conclusions: Adolescents seek information mainly through Google, with no knowledge of systems that accredit content quality, but consider it useful and reliable, changing their behaviour patterns according to the information found. All this carries a risk in this age group with very sensitive characteristics. Therefore, we believe that we should continue along the line of designing other alternative communication channels adapted to their current reality.

Objetivo: Describir las fuentes de Internet utilizadas por adolescentes para consultar información sanitaria. Describir las características sociodemográficas y analizar variables que influyen en la elección de Internet.

Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Encuesta adaptada del cuestionario validado por Rideout realizada en 2015.

Participantes y emplazamiento: Adolescentes de entre 12 y 18 años de 6 centros escolares de 4 municipios rurales del distrito Condado-Campiña de Huelva (España).

Resultados: Participaron 405 adolescentes; 51,6% mujeres, con edad de 14,9 ± 1,2. El 87,25% vive con ambos progenitores. Un 93,6% tiene ordenadores en casa, el 45,2% en su habitación. La media es de 2,1 ordenadores/hogar. El 85,2% tiene Internet en casa, el 76,3% en su habitación. Un 53,8% busca información sanitaria. Buscan sobre todo: cáncer (89,9%), adicciones (67,7%), ETS-VIH (49,6%) embarazos/anticoncepción (21,5%), enfermedades mentales (40%) enfermedades cardíacas y diabetes mellitus (53,6%) y trastornos alimentarios (39,3%). El 63,2% elige Google; solo un 11,9% webs médicas. Comparten información en redes sociales un 12,8% (70,3% Facebook). Un 70,7% cambian de conducta por la información encontrada. Un 56,05% prefieren usar Internet por: rapidez (34,8%), privacidad (15,8%), fiabilidad (13,6%) y mucha información (17,6%).

Conclusiones: Los adolescentes buscan información principalmente a través de Google, sin conocimientos de sistemas que acrediten la calidad del contenido, pero la consideran útil y fiable, y cambian sus pautas de conducta según la información encontrada. Todo ello conlleva un riesgo en este colectivo de edad con características muy sensibles. Por ello, creemos que habría que continuar en la línea de diseñar otros canales de comunicación alternativos adaptados a su realidad actual.

Keywords: Adolescentes; Adolescents; Health information; Información sanitaria; Internet.

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