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Review
. 2017 Jul-Aug;21(4):258-263.
doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_103_17.

Reactive lesions of oral cavity: A retrospective study of 659 cases

Biji Babu  1 , Kaveri Hallikeri  1
Affiliations
Review

Reactive lesions of oral cavity: A retrospective study of 659 cases

Biji Babu et al. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2017 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

Objective: This study reviews, analyzes, and compares the demographic data, histopathological features and discusses the treatment and prognosis of reactive lesions (RLs).

Materials and methods: Retrospective study was performed on the departmental archives from July 2006 to July 2016 (total 5000 cases) comprising of 659 cases of RLs of the oral cavity. The recorded data included age, gender, size, site, duration, habits, etiology, histopathological diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Results: The most common lesion was found to be inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (47%) followed by pyogenic granuloma (PG) (27.16%) and the least cases were of peripheral giant cell granuloma (1.6%). The mean age for the occurrence was 4th-5th decade in all the RL's exceptperipheral ossifying fibroma (POF) which presented in the third decade. Female predominance was noted in all lesions except irritational FIB. The sizes of majority of the lesions were approximately 0.5-1 cm. The common sites were anterior maxilla followed by posterior mandible and least in tongue with no associated habits (82.2%). The duration of all the lesions was seen to be <1 year. Majority of them presented with poor oral hygiene status (87.2%). Recurrences were present in 13.5% of surgically excised lesions.

Conclusion: The RLs present commonly in oral cavity secondary to injury and local factors which can mimic benign to rarely malignant lesions. The clinical and histopathological examination helps to categorize the type of lesions. The complete removal of local irritants with follow-up and maintenance of oral hygiene helps to prevent the recurrences of such lesions.

Keywords: Etiology; oral hygiene; reactive lesions; recurrence.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graph depicts the site distribution of reactive lesions. IFH: Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia; PG: Pyogenic granuloma; FIB: Fibroma; POF: Peripheral ossifying fibroma; IF: Irritational fibroma; PGCG: Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graph describes the size of the reactive lesions. IFH: Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia; PG: Pyogenic granuloma; FIB: Fibroma; POF: Peripheral ossifying fibroma; IF: Irritational fibroma; PGCG: Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graph describes the duration of the reactive lesions in the oral cavity. IFH: Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia; PG: Pyogenic granuloma; FIB: Fibroma; POF: Peripheral ossifying fibroma; IF: Irritational fibroma; PGCG: Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Figure 4
Figure 4
Graph shows the habit association with the occurrence of reactive lesions. IFH: Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia; PG: Pyogenic granuloma; FIB: Fibroma; POF: Peripheral ossifying fibroma; IF: Irritational fibroma; PGCG: Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Figure 5
Figure 5
Graph denotes the oral hygiene status of the patients with reactive lesions. IFH: Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia; PG: Pyogenic granuloma; FIB: Fibroma; POF: Peripheral ossifying fibroma; IF: Irritational fibroma; PGCG: Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Figure 6
Figure 6
Photomicrograph showing the excised specimen of (a) irritation fibroma; (b) fibroma; (c) pyogenic granuloma, arrows indicate the extension of the lesion up to the base of surgical margin (H and E, ×4)
Figure 7
Figure 7
Plaque and calculus deposition leading to poor oral hygiene adjacent to the growth
Figure 8
Figure 8
Clinical photograph showing a growth extending from labial to lingual aspect and laterally to incisors, erythematous with bone loss
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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