The effect of anaesthetic technique during primary breast cancer surgery on neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and return to intended oncological therapy

Abstract

Inflammation and immunosuppression contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. An increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio reflects these processes and is associated with adverse cancer outcomes. Whether anaesthetic technique for breast cancer surgery influences these factors, and potentially cancer recurrence, remains unknown. We conducted a secondary analysis in patients enrolled in an ongoing trial of anaesthetic technique on breast cancer recurrence. The primary hypothesis was that postoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is lower in patients allocated to receive propofol-paravertebral rather than inhalational agent-opioid anaesthesia for primary breast cancer surgery. Among 397 patients, 116 had differential white cell counts performed pre-operatively and postoperatively. Pre-operative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was similar in the propofol-paravertebral 2.3 (95%CI 1.8-2.8) and inhalational agent-opioid anaesthesia 2.2 (1.9-3.2) groups, p = 0.72. Postoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was lower (3.0 (2.4-4.2) vs. 4.0 (2.9-5.4), p = 0.001) in the propofol-paravertebral group. Propofol-paravertebral anaesthesia attenuated the postoperative increase in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio.

Keywords: anaesthesia: general; anaesthesia: propofol; anaesthesia: regional; breast cancer; white blood cells: lymphocytes; white blood cells: neutrophils.