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Review
. 2018 Mar;49(3):803-810.
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.016995. Epub 2018 Feb 19.

Rodent Models of Cerebral Microinfarct and Microhemorrhage

Andy Y Shih  1 , Hyacinth I Hyacinth  2 , David A Hartmann  2 , Susanne J van Veluw  2
Affiliations
Review

Rodent Models of Cerebral Microinfarct and Microhemorrhage

Andy Y Shih et al. Stroke. 2018 Mar.
No abstract available

Keywords: arteriole; autopsy; brain; cognitive dysfunction; vascular dementia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure/Conflict of Interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Human microinfarcts and microhemorrhages in CAA cases
(A) A cortical microinfarct on a Hematoxylin & Eosin-stained section. (B) Microinfarct (black arrow) on a T2-weighted ex vivo MRI scan. (C) A cortical microhemorrhage on a Hematoxylin & Eosin-stained section. (D) Multiple lobar microbleeds (white arrows) on a GRE ex vivo MRI scan.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Models of induced microinfarct and microhemorrhage
The left hemisphere depicts the production of distributed microinfarcts by injecting microemboli through the internal carotid artery (ICA). CCA = common carotid artery, and ECA = external carotid artery. The right hemisphere shows the selective occlusion of a penetrating arteriole with focal photothrombosis or rupture of a penetrating arteriole with an amplified laser during in vivo optical imaging.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Microinfarcts in rodent models
(A) A cortical microinfarct observed in Hematoxylin & Eosin stained mouse brain sections after injection of cholesterol crystals into the internal carotid artery. From Wang et al. (B) A cortical microinfarct observed in NeuN and GFAP immunostained rat brain sections after occlusion of a single cortical penetrating arteriole by focal photothrombosis. From Shih et al. (C) Spontaneous microinfarcts observed in Hematoxylin & Eosin stained brain sections from an 18 months old eNOS-deficient mouse. From Tan et al. (D) Spontaneous microinfarcts observed in NeuN immunostained brain sections from a 13 months old Townes sickle cell mouse. From Hyacinth et al.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Microhemorrhages in mouse models
(A) A cortical microhemorrhage observed in Prussian blue stained mouse brain sections after optically-induced rupture of a single cortical penetrating arteriole. From Rosidi et al. (B) Microbleeds detected by T2*-weighted MRI (left) and corresponding microhemorrhages detected by Prussian blue (right) in an APP23 mouse. From Reuter et al. (C) Microhemorrhages detected by Prussian blue staining in a mouse that received a specialized diet to induce hyperhomocysteinemia. From Sudduth et al.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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