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Observational Study
. 2018 Feb 21;8(1):3393.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21771-6.

Trend and risk factors of low birth weight and macrosomia in south China, 2005-2017: a retrospective observational study

Jiaming Rao  1   2 , Dazhi Fan  3   4 , Shuzhen Wu  1   2 , Dongxin Lin  1   2 , Huishan Zhang  1   2 , Shaoxin Ye  1   2 , Xin Luo  1   2 , Lijuan Wang  2 , Jianwei Yang  5 , Minhui Pang  5 , Jiayi Zhang  5 , Qing Xia  6   7 , Xiaoke Yang  6   8 , Wen Wang  2 , Yao Fu  2 , Yan Liu  2 , Xiaoling Guo  1   2 , Zhengping Liu  9   10
Affiliations
Observational Study

Trend and risk factors of low birth weight and macrosomia in south China, 2005-2017: a retrospective observational study

Jiaming Rao et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The percentages of low birth weight (LBW) increased from 7.7% in 2005 to 11.3% in 2011 and declined to 8.1% in 2017. For very low birth weight (VLBW) individuals, the proportion declined -1.0% annually, from 2.5% in 2005 to 1.4% in 2017. Among moderately low birth weight (MLBW) individuals, the proportion first increased 12.8% annually, from 5.0% in 2005 to 9.3% in 2011, and then declined -3.8% annually, from 9.4% in 2011 to 7.0% in 2017. The percentages of macrosomia monotone decreased from 4.0% in 2005 to 2.5% in 2017, an annual decline of -4.0%. Multiple regression analyses showed that boys, maternal age, hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP), and diabetes were significant risk factors for LBW. Boys, maternal age, gestational age, HDCP, diabetes, and maternal BMI were significant risk factors for macrosomia. Although the relevant figures declined slightly in our study, it is likely that LBW and macrosomia will remain a major public health issue over the next few years in China. More research aimed at control and prevention of these risk factors for LBW and macrosomia and their detrimental outcome in the mother and perinatal child should be performed in China.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Annual Percent Change (APC) by birth weight subgroups in Foshan during 2005 to 2017. Lines were fitted according to the Joinpoint Regression Program (National Cancer Institute), version 4.4.0.0, which uses permutation analysis to fit a series of straight lines on a logarithmic scale to observed rates, indicated by circles; up to 3 joinpoints (4 line segments) were allowed. aIndicates that the Annual Percent Change (APC) is significant different from zero at the alpha = 0.05 level.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean number and 95% CI by birth weight subgroups in Foshan during 2005 to 2017.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Relative risk for birth weight subgroup in Foshan during 2005 to 2017. 2005 is the reference year (RR = 1.0), adjusted for maternal age, parity and gestational age, mode of delivery, HDCP, diabetes, and maternal BMI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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