Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2018 Jan 10;6(1):208-212.
doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.035. eCollection 2018 Jan 25.

Acrocyanosis - A Symptom with Many Facettes

Uwe Wollina  1 , André Koch  1 , Dana Langner  1 , Gesina Hansel  1 , Birgit Heinig  2 , Torello Lotti  3 , Georgi Tchernev  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Acrocyanosis - A Symptom with Many Facettes

Uwe Wollina et al. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. .

Abstract

Acrocyanosis is an uncommon complaint belonging to the acro-syndromes. It typically presents with coolness and bluish discolourations of hands, feet, ears, nose, lips and nipple. The most frequently affected parts of the body are the hands. This review discusses physical factors, vascular disorders, infectious diseases, haematological disorders, solid tumours genetic disorders, drugs, eating disorders, and spinal disease presenting as or leading to acrocyanosis.

Keywords: Acrocyanosis; Adverse drug reactions; Connective tissue diseases; Raynaud syndrome; Tumors; hands and feet; vascular disorders.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Acrocyanosis in a 74-year-old female with a herniated disk of the cervical spine. The differential diagnosis includes scleroderma, but sclerodactylia is absent
Figure 2
Figure 2
Peripheral sensory diabetic neuropathy with acrocyanosis and onychomycosis in a 78-year-old male
Figure 3
Figure 3
Acrocyanosis in a 71-year-old female after partial pulmonary resection due to malignant pheochromocytoma. The lesions developed with a delay of several months
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kurklinsky AK, Miller VM, Rooke TW. Acrocyanosis:the Flying Dutchman. Vasc Med. 2011;16(4):288–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/1358863X11398519 PMid:21427140 PMCid:PMC3156491. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sampogna F, Camaioni DB, Giampetruzzi AR, Corona R, Ruzzi L, Silvestri L, Didona B. Chronic idiopathic acrocyanosis and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (p.Ala222Val) and A1298C (p.Glu429Ala) polymorphisms. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(3):356–61. PMid:23816603. - PubMed
    1. Wollina U. Thermal and mechanical skin injuries. CME Dermatol. 2009;4(1):4–18.
    1. Singh LC. High altitude dermatology. Indian J Dermatol. 2017;62(1):59–65. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.198050 PMid:28216727 PMCid:PMC5286755. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Linnemann B, Erbe M. Raynaud's phenomenon - assessment and differential diagnoses. Vasa. 2015;44(3):166–77. https://doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000426 PMid:26098320. - PubMed