Cylindroma

Excerpt

Cylindromas, or cutaneous cylindromas, are rare, distinct adnexal neoplasms characterized by a dual lineage proliferation of cells nestled within the dermis. These neoplasms are predominantly derived from likely apocrine cells in the dermis within the hair follicle bulge. Upon cross-sectional examination, cylindromas exhibit a round morphology akin to cylinders, hence their nomenclature, reflecting their cylindrical shape. Although cylindromas are typically slow-growing and manifest as diminutive entities, they are generally benign. However, exceedingly rare instances of malignant transformation and potential metastases have been reported, especially in conjunction with multiple lesions associated with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome.

Cylindromas are slow-growing lesions primarily found on the scalp or face of individuals. They exhibit a marked predilection toward females, occurring approximately 9 times more frequently than males. Notably, when multiple cutaneous cylindromas congregate on the scalp, they can amalgamate, creating an appearance reminiscent of headgear like a hat or turban, giving rise to the previously more common term “turban tumor,” which is no longer used due to its negative connotation. Recognizing the intricate association between cylindromas and spiradenomas is imperative, as they share close ties and are associated with various genetic syndromes characterized by undifferentiated neoplasms stemming from apocrine lineage.