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Review
. 2017 Nov 2;20(1):532-546.
doi: 10.1080/15685551.2017.1398208. eCollection 2017.

Modified polyether-sulfone membrane: a mini review

Noof A Alenazi  1 , Mahmoud A Hussein  1   2 , Khalid A Alamry  1 , Abdullah M Asiri  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Modified polyether-sulfone membrane: a mini review

Noof A Alenazi et al. Des Monomers Polym. .

Abstract

Polyethersulfone has been widely used as a promising material in medical applications and waste-treatment membranes since it provides excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Hydrophobicity of polyethersulfone is considered one main disadvantage of using this material because hydrophobic surface causes biofouling effects to the membrane which is always thought to be a serious limitation to the use of polyethersulfone in membrane technology. Chemical modification to the material is a promising solution to this problem. More specifically surface modification is an excellent technique to introduce hydrophilic properties and functional groups to the polyethersulfone membrane surface. This review covers chemical modifications of the polyethersulfone and covers different methods used to enhance the hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone membrane. In particular, the addition of amino functional groups to polyethersulfone is used as a fundamental method either to introduce hydrophilic properties or introduce nanomaterials to the surface of polyethersulfone membrane. This work reviews also previous research reports explored the use of amino functionalized polyethersulfone with different nanomaterials to induce biological activity and reduce fouling effects of the fabricated membrane.

Keywords: Polyether-sulfone; amination process; chemical modifications; coating; membrane; surface modification.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The chemical structure of polyethersulfone (PES).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
An illustration of the DA polymerization induced by pH and adhesion on the membrane of PES [22].
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
UV-induced grafting Mechanisms for PES membranes [12].
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Sulfonation of PES.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Two step process for the carboxylation of polysulfones [56].
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
The two step process for the carboxylation of PES [57].
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Nitration of PES by two-step process [59].
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Reaction diagram of the surface modification of PES membrane using GO. (a) PES amination through UV irradiation; (b) Reaction between PES grafted NH2 and TMC; (c) Reaction between GO and PES modified surface with TMC; (d) Representation diagram of the modified PES membrane with GO [24].
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Scheme representation of the preparation of initiator-functionalized PES/PES-Br membrane and PVP-grafted membranes [27].
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Schematic illustration of PES amination. PES (upper) and NH2-PES (lower) [61].
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
The membranes diffusion test for over 28 days. A loop system and diffusion chamber [66].
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
The production process of the multilayered microfilter device [67].
Scheme 1.
Scheme 1.
Preparation of ortho sulfone amine 3 from poly(ary1sulfone) 1 through azide intermediates 2 [58].
Scheme 2.
Scheme 2.
Ag-NH2-PES membrane fabrication suggested by Haider et al. [9].
Scheme 3.
Scheme 3.
Self-assembled of ZnO particles on NH2-PES/PES membrane [60].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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