Framingham coronary score in individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders: A review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Patients with mental disorders have a higher coronary morbidity and mortality as compared to the general population. However, it remains unclear whether their coronary risk scores are higher than those of the general population. We reviewed studies and meta-analyze case-control studies about coronary risk scores in individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders. Search was performed in Pubmed and clinical trial registration databases. Four case-control studies were identified, comprising 963 individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders and 1681 controls. They focused on the most validated coronary risk score, the Framingham Risk Score 1998 (FRS 1998). The mean FRS 1998 was significantly higher in individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders than in the general population 7.9( ± 6.9) vs. 5.0( ± 4.8). FRS 1998 differs between individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders and controls (Mean difference:1.84 [95% CI:0.57-3.11], p = 0.005]; high heterogeneity was observed (I²= 78%; p < 0.003). The difference was driven by three FRS 1998 criteria: smoking, diabetes and HDL cholesterolemia. The mean FRS 1998 was significantly higher in men, and to a trend in women. In conclusion, individuals with symptoms or diagnoses of mental disorders have a higher coronary risk score than controls. The FRS 1998 should be used as a simple and objective way of monitoring coronary risk in order to improve prevention of coronary events in psychiatric settings.

Keywords: Cholesterolemia; Coronary; Diabetes; Framingham risk score; Mental disorders; Psychiatry; Smoking.