Conflicts of interest

R.P.G. is the president and I.C. a member of Craven (Villemoisson-sur-Orge, France), a nonprofit association for therapeutic innova-tion. C.A.Z. is listed as a co-inventor on a patent for the use of ketamine in major depression and suicidal ideation, on a patent for the use of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine, (S)-dehydronorketamine, and other stereoisomeric dehydro- and hydroxylated metabolites of (R,S)-ketamine metabolites in the treatment of depression and neuropathic pain, and on a patent application for the use of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine and (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine in the treatment of depression, anxiety, anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorders. C.A.Z. has assigned his patent rights to the US Government, but will share a percentage of any royalties that might be received by the Government. T.C. declares consultant activities and conferences for Astra-Zeneca, BMS, Janssen, Lundbeck, and Otsuka; invitation to Congress by Janssen, Lundbeck, and Otsuka; and research activities for AMGEN, Janssen, and Lilly. Over the past 36 months. P.S. has been a full-time employee of Opiant Pharmaceuticals, Inc..